Selected Ainu Words
Appendix 1
orig: 98/01/07

INDEXF
A B C,CH E H I K M N O P R S T U Y W


AinuEnglish Examples/Remarks
A
anto be, to stay.
apefireape huchi(old ladyjkamuyigodj
ara half.
arutterly, whollyMust be difficult to differentiate from "ar" that means "a half."
areto sit; to set.
asto stand.
B
betriverSame as "pet". No differentiation between "b" and "p".
C
chikapa bird.
chipa shipBird & Ship are popular motif in ancient Japanese.
chira birdDitto.
chisa rock; to cry.
chichikewa monsterWhether big or small.
E
ekasiold man (respected), chief.
H
hankua navel.
hasbush.
huchiold lady (respected)ape huchi kamuy
hukuito burnKarafuto (Sakhalin) dialect
hurhill, mountain, slope.
hur-kapcorp (dead body).
hurered (color).
I
itheFinite article. And many other uses.
-imaking a transitive verb.
-itime,place,thing,person,event.
ikaexceed,cross,go over.
iworhunting ground.
K
kaon, above.
karto make, to make a fire.
kayto break; hard wave.
kayasailNOT as a verb, but as a noun.
kay-kumabush,woods to burn, a rabit.
kay-kuma-terkewhite wave, triangular wave.
kimiscanthus (name of plant similar to reed).
kirknee (bone).
kira mountainBihoro dialect
kirto be acquainted with, to remember.
kirkiruto see.
kisaran ear.
kisarreed field.
kitaypeak, top (of a hill).
kimuymountain, hillspelling correction 98/6/30.
kiyay(sun)light, ray .
kotoward.
kotanvillage,country.
kurperson, shadownis-kur sky's shadow=cloud
M
merua light; to light.
mikea light; to light.
mosmall, quietmo-sir small island, country
moreto stay calmly.
N
naya river.
nia tree.
nissky, heaven, cloud.
nis-kursky's shadow=cloud
nispachief, the richof a house or a village
nita skewas in Yakitori, Shushu-khabab
nonnoa flower, a goddy, a motherJapanese dialect & kid's word for gods.
notocalmof a sea
nuto liesten to, to hear.
nua big resultof fishing
nuto seeword root
nukarto see.
nupa field.
nupukimuddy watermuddy/spritual/sulferic
nupu-ke a field; oil, fat
nupurcolored; having misterious powerNobori-betsu ƒ nupur pet
nupuria mountainNote difference from nupur.
O
otaa shoreof a sea or a river
P
panadown river=pan,panke
pena up river=pen,penke
peta river=bet
pet-chara river mouth.
pet-puta river mouth.
petchaa river edge, a river shore.
pinne malePinne sir exist in Samani.
pin-nemanly, manlikemat-ne=womanly,womanlike
piraan edge, a steep hill.
pisa shore, a sandy islandOsumi Fudoki records the same word.
ponsmallvs. poro=large
porolarge.
R
ranto go down.
ranketo let go downranke kanto=downward heaven
rankoCercidipyullum japonicumname of a tree, Katsura in Japanese
rikunhigh, aboverik+un=above+belonging to
ritnehardopposite of "soft"
rokto sit (pl.)For plural subject.Singular is "a".
S
sana slope, a cape, a shelf, a flat hill.
santo push outOften about water. San-nai.
sara field of reed (plant)Important word for me.
sara tail.
sitrue,real,good,big.
sikarto rotate, to turnI-sikar-i river?
sinritrootPlant and ancestor.
sira mountainMany other meanings.
sobottom.
soa water fall.
sumaa stone, a rock.
T
tato cut, dig; to draw (water).
tamaa (jade) ballBorrowed to/from Japanese?
toa day, a lake, a sea.
tomaria portBorrowed to/from Japanese?
tomto shine, to light, to be bright.
tom-iitem that shines.
tottomother, breast.
toysoil, field.
tutwo (2).
tu a hill; oldTo-kotan
tuka small hill.
tumin, within.
tumacottonno special textile
tumama body,a fence.
tumuncian evil spirit, a devil.
turia rodas to roar a boat or to fish
U
uhuyto burn.
ukto receiveFor plural subject, uyna.
uko-nupurintercourse.
ukao-nupurimountain after mountain.
unto belong, reside, be, let enter.
unaash.
ura hillTokachi dialect. Same as hur.
urarmist, vapor.
urea leg.
urira bird that is known tocatch fish for men.
usto grow, have; to put on (shoes).
usto go out (fire), to vanish.
usiplace=us+i place where something grows much; place where something done often [Chiri].
usito apply, attach.
Y
yanlandas opposite to beyond
yasato break.
W
wakkawaterWakka-nai.

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